Mac arm64: Python (Miniconda)

Miniconda のアンインストール

おかしくなったときアンインストールするために、その方法をまとめておく。

インストール場所の確認
  $ conda info --base
  /Users/ntita/miniforge3
[ファイルを削除する]
  $ rm -rf /Users/nitta/miniforge3
  $ rm -rf ~/.cond
[Shell Script の初期化ファイルから設定行を削除する]
  ~/.zshrc
  ~/.bash_profile
  の中の conda の設定部分を削除する。

Miniconda のインストール

Python をインストールする方法として、通常は Anaconda を強く推奨する。 しかし、Apple Silicon (M1, Arm64) の CPU を搭載した mac では現時点(2022/07/16)では Anaconda (arm64版とintel版のどちらでも)をインストールしても tensorflow が利用できない。 そこで miniconda を使うことにする。

もしも Anaconda をインストールしてしまったら、miniconda をインストールする前に Anaconda を アンインストールすること。

[Uninstall Anaconda]
  $ conda install anaconda-clean
  $ anaconda-clean --yes
  $ rm -rf ~/anaconda3
  ~/.zshrc や ~/.bash_profile の中の conda の設定部分を削除する。
  「ターミナル」を再起動する。

miniconda のインストール

1. python をインストールする方法は4種類ある。Mac (Apple Silicon M1, Arm64) の場合は、現時点では miniforge を使うのがよいとのことだ。
• Anaconda
• miniaconda
• miniconda + conda-forg
• miniforge
2. Miniconda の GitHub https https://github.com/conda-forge/miniforge から OS X arm64 (Apple Silicon) 用の shell script Miniforge3-MacOSX-arm64.sh をダウンロードする。
   
   
   
3. 「ターミナル」上から、shell script を実行する。

    $ cd ~/Downloads
    $ /bin/bash Miniforge3-MacOSX-arm64.sh

4. インストーラで、要請に応じて "yes" または (Enterキー) を入力する。途中、ライセンスの more 表示では 「スペースキー」をタ イプすると次のページに進む。

「ターミナル」上でのMiniforge3-MacOSX-arm64.sh の実行

arm64@manet Downloads % /bin/bash Miniforge3-MacOSX-arm64.sh Welcome to Miniforge3 4.12.0-2 In order to continue the installation process, please review the license agreement. Please, press ENTER to continue >>> Miniforge installer code uses BSD-3-Clause license as stated below. Binary packages that come with it have their own licensing terms and by installing miniforge you agree to the licensing terms of individual packages as well. They include different OSI-approved licenses including the GNU General Public License and can be found in pkgs/<pkg-name>/info/licenses folders. Miniforge installer comes with a boostrapping executable that is used ← 途中で "more" と表示されたときはスペースキーを押すと、次に進む。 when installing miniforge and is deleted after miniforge is installed. The bootstrapping executable uses micromamba, cli11, cpp-filesystem, curl, c-ares, krb5, libarchive, libev, lz4, nghttp2, openssl, libsolv, nlohmann-json, reproc and zstd which are licensed under BSD-3-Clause, MIT and OpenSSL licenses. Licenses and copyright notices of these projects can be found at the following URL. https://github.com/conda-forge/micromamba-feedstock/tree/master/recipe. ============================================================================= Copyright (c) 2019-2022, conda-forge All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. Do you accept the license terms? [yes|no] [no] >>> yes Miniforge3 will now be installed into this location: /Users/nitta/miniforge3 - Press ENTER to confirm the location - Press CTRL-C to abort the installation - Or specify a different location below [/Users/nitta/miniforge3] >>> PREFIX=/Users/nitta/miniforge3 Unpacking payload ... Extracting "python_abi-3.9-2_cp39.tar.bz2" Extracting "idna-3.3-pyhd8ed1ab_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "six-1.16.0-pyh6c4a22f_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "tqdm-4.64.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "urllib3-1.26.9-pyhd8ed1ab_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "libzlib-1.2.12-h90dfc92_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "cryptography-37.0.2-py39h4cb6239_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "xz-5.2.5-h642e427_1.tar.bz2" Extracting "wheel-0.37.1-pyhd8ed1ab_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "conda-4.12.0-py39h2804cbe_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "python-3.9.13-hc596b02_0_cpython.tar.bz2" Extracting "pycparser-2.21-pyhd8ed1ab_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "pip-22.1.2-pyhd8ed1ab_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "colorama-0.4.4-pyh9f0ad1d_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "requests-2.27.1-pyhd8ed1ab_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "pyopenssl-22.0.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "brotlipy-0.7.0-py39hb18efdd_1004.tar.bz2" Extracting "zlib-1.2.12-h90dfc92_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "pycosat-0.6.3-py39hb18efdd_1010.tar.bz2" Extracting "ca-certificates-2022.5.18.1-h4653dfc_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "setuptools-62.3.2-py39h2804cbe_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "pysocks-1.7.1-py39h2804cbe_5.tar.bz2" Extracting "tzdata-2022a-h191b570_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "certifi-2022.5.18.1-py39h2804cbe_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "readline-8.1-hedafd6a_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "bzip2-1.0.8-h3422bc3_4.tar.bz2" Extracting "libffi-3.4.2-h3422bc3_5.tar.bz2" Extracting "ncurses-6.3-h07bb92c_1.tar.bz2" Extracting "ruamel_yaml-0.15.80-py39h9eb174b_1007.tar.bz2" Extracting "cffi-1.15.0-py39h52b1de0_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "yaml-0.2.5-h3422bc3_2.tar.bz2" Extracting "tk-8.6.12-he1e0b03_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "charset-normalizer-2.0.12-pyhd8ed1ab_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "openssl-1.1.1o-ha287fd2_0.tar.bz2" Extracting "conda-package-handling-1.8.1-py39hb18efdd_1.tar.bz2" Extracting "sqlite-3.38.5-h40dfcc0_0.tar.bz2" __ __ ______ ___ ____ _____ ___ / /_ ____ _ / / / / __ `__ \/ __ `/ __ `__ \/ __ \/ __ `/ / /_/ / / / / / / /_/ / / / / / / /_/ / /_/ / / .___/_/ /_/ /_/\__,_/_/ /_/ /_/_.___/\__,_/ /_/ conda-forge/osx-arm64 Using cache conda-forge/noarch Using cache Transaction Prefix: /Users/nitta/miniforge3 Updating specs: - python==3.9.13=hc596b02_0_cpython - bzip2==1.0.8=h3422bc3_4 - ca-certificates==2022.5.18.1=h4653dfc_0 - libffi==3.4.2=h3422bc3_5 - libzlib==1.2.12=h90dfc92_0 - ncurses==6.3=h07bb92c_1 - tzdata==2022a=h191b570_0 - xz==5.2.5=h642e427_1 - yaml==0.2.5=h3422bc3_2 - openssl==1.1.1o=ha287fd2_0 - readline==8.1=hedafd6a_0 - tk==8.6.12=he1e0b03_0 - zlib==1.2.12=h90dfc92_0 - sqlite==3.38.5=h40dfcc0_0 - charset-normalizer==2.0.12=pyhd8ed1ab_0 - colorama==0.4.4=pyh9f0ad1d_0 - idna==3.3=pyhd8ed1ab_0 - pycparser==2.21=pyhd8ed1ab_0 - python_abi==3.9=2_cp39 - six==1.16.0=pyh6c4a22f_0 - wheel==0.37.1=pyhd8ed1ab_0 - certifi==2022.5.18.1=py39h2804cbe_0 - cffi==1.15.0=py39h52b1de0_0 - pycosat==0.6.3=py39hb18efdd_1010 - pysocks==1.7.1=py39h2804cbe_5 - ruamel_yaml==0.15.80=py39h9eb174b_1007 - setuptools==62.3.2=py39h2804cbe_0 - tqdm==4.64.0=pyhd8ed1ab_0 - brotlipy==0.7.0=py39hb18efdd_1004 - conda-package-handling==1.8.1=py39hb18efdd_1 - cryptography==37.0.2=py39h4cb6239_0 - pip==22.1.2=pyhd8ed1ab_0 - pyopenssl==22.0.0=pyhd8ed1ab_0 - urllib3==1.26.9=pyhd8ed1ab_0 - requests==2.27.1=pyhd8ed1ab_0 - conda==4.12.0=py39h2804cbe_0 Package Version Build Channel Size ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Install: ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── + brotlipy 0.7.0 py39hb18efdd_1004 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + bzip2 1.0.8 h3422bc3_4 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + ca-certificates 2022.5.18.1 h4653dfc_0 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + certifi 2022.5.18.1 py39h2804cbe_0 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + cffi 1.15.0 py39h52b1de0_0 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + charset-normalizer 2.0.12 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge/noarch Cached + colorama 0.4.4 pyh9f0ad1d_0 conda-forge/noarch Cached + conda 4.12.0 py39h2804cbe_0 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + conda-package-handling 1.8.1 py39hb18efdd_1 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + cryptography 37.0.2 py39h4cb6239_0 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + idna 3.3 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge/noarch Cached + libffi 3.4.2 h3422bc3_5 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + libzlib 1.2.12 h90dfc92_0 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + ncurses 6.3 h07bb92c_1 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + openssl 1.1.1o ha287fd2_0 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + pip 22.1.2 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge/noarch Cached + pycosat 0.6.3 py39hb18efdd_1010 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + pycparser 2.21 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge/noarch Cached + pyopenssl 22.0.0 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge/noarch Cached + pysocks 1.7.1 py39h2804cbe_5 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + python 3.9.13 hc596b02_0_cpython conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + python_abi 3.9 2_cp39 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + readline 8.1 hedafd6a_0 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + requests 2.27.1 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge/noarch Cached + ruamel_yaml 0.15.80 py39h9eb174b_1007 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + setuptools 62.3.2 py39h2804cbe_0 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + six 1.16.0 pyh6c4a22f_0 conda-forge/noarch Cached + sqlite 3.38.5 h40dfcc0_0 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + tk 8.6.12 he1e0b03_0 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + tqdm 4.64.0 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge/noarch Cached + tzdata 2022a h191b570_0 conda-forge/noarch Cached + urllib3 1.26.9 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge/noarch Cached + wheel 0.37.1 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge/noarch Cached + xz 5.2.5 h642e427_1 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + yaml 0.2.5 h3422bc3_2 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached + zlib 1.2.12 h90dfc92_0 conda-forge/osx-arm64 Cached Summary: Install: 36 packages Total download: 0 B ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Transaction starting Linking bzip2-1.0.8-h3422bc3_4 Linking ca-certificates-2022.5.18.1-h4653dfc_0 Linking libffi-3.4.2-h3422bc3_5 Linking libzlib-1.2.12-h90dfc92_0 Linking ncurses-6.3-h07bb92c_1 Linking xz-5.2.5-h642e427_1 Linking yaml-0.2.5-h3422bc3_2 Linking openssl-1.1.1o-ha287fd2_0 Linking zlib-1.2.12-h90dfc92_0 Linking tk-8.6.12-he1e0b03_0 Linking readline-8.1-hedafd6a_0 Linking sqlite-3.38.5-h40dfcc0_0 Linking tzdata-2022a-h191b570_0 Linking python-3.9.13-hc596b02_0_cpython Linking python_abi-3.9-2_cp39 Linking setuptools-62.3.2-py39h2804cbe_0 Linking wheel-0.37.1-pyhd8ed1ab_0 Linking pip-22.1.2-pyhd8ed1ab_0 Linking six-1.16.0-pyh6c4a22f_0 Linking pycparser-2.21-pyhd8ed1ab_0 Linking idna-3.3-pyhd8ed1ab_0 Linking colorama-0.4.4-pyh9f0ad1d_0 Linking charset-normalizer-2.0.12-pyhd8ed1ab_0 Linking tqdm-4.64.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0 Linking ruamel_yaml-0.15.80-py39h9eb174b_1007 Linking pysocks-1.7.1-py39h2804cbe_5 Linking pycosat-0.6.3-py39hb18efdd_1010 Linking certifi-2022.5.18.1-py39h2804cbe_0 Linking cffi-1.15.0-py39h52b1de0_0 Linking conda-package-handling-1.8.1-py39hb18efdd_1 Linking cryptography-37.0.2-py39h4cb6239_0 Linking brotlipy-0.7.0-py39hb18efdd_1004 Linking pyopenssl-22.0.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0 Linking urllib3-1.26.9-pyhd8ed1ab_0 Linking requests-2.27.1-pyhd8ed1ab_0 Linking conda-4.12.0-py39h2804cbe_0 Transaction finished installation finished. Do you wish the installer to initialize Miniforge3 by running conda init? [yes|no] [no] >>> yes no change /Users/nitta/miniforge3/condabin/conda no change /Users/nitta/miniforge3/bin/conda no change /Users/nitta/miniforge3/bin/conda-env no change /Users/nitta/miniforge3/bin/activate no change /Users/nitta/miniforge3/bin/deactivate no change /Users/nitta/miniforge3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh no change /Users/nitta/miniforge3/etc/fish/conf.d/conda.fish no change /Users/nitta/miniforge3/shell/condabin/Conda.psm1 no change /Users/nitta/miniforge3/shell/condabin/conda-hook.ps1 no change /Users/nitta/miniforge3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/xontrib/conda.xsh no change /Users/nitta/miniforge3/etc/profile.d/conda.csh modified /Users/nitta/.zshrc ==> For changes to take effect, close and re-open your current shell. <== If you'd prefer that conda's base environment not be activated on startup, set the auto_activate_base parameter to false: conda config --set auto_activate_base false Thank you for installing Miniforge3! arm64@manet Downloads %

5. シェルの初期ファイルを読み込む(または「ターミナル」を再起動する)

    $ source ~/.zshrc

6. Apple の tensorflow-metal PluggableDevice の記述にしたがって、tensorflow-deps をcondaでインストールする。

    $ conda install -c apple tensorflow-deps

7. 仮想python環境を作成する。tensorflow-metal PluggableDevice によればpython のバージョンは 3.8, 3.9 がサポートされているそうだ。

    (base) $ conda create -n myenv python=3.8 jupyter

8. 仮想python環境に切り替えて、必要なパッケージをインストールする。

    (base) $ conda activate myenv
    (myenv) $ pip install numpy
    (myenv) $ pip install matplotlib
    (myenv) $ pip install tensorflow-macos
    (myenv) $ pip install tensorflow-metal
    (myenv) $ pip install --user pygame
    (myenv) $ pip install gym

9. とりあえず、Tensorflow, OpenAI などが動くことは確認できた。